孟荀交互主体性思想初探

孟子和荀子在继承孔子儒家思想的基础上，结合自己所处的时代状况，提出了方向相异的哲学伦理学说。孟子认为仁爱是处理人与人交互主体性关系的基本原则，对社会共同体的稳定和谐具有决定性意义，并把仁爱与人的本性相结合，提出了性善论。而荀子则强调礼作为规范对界定社会成员之间的关系、对社会共同体的稳定存在的重要性。他将礼和人的本性联系起来，提出了性恶论。孟子和荀子的不同思想，表现了先秦儒家从不同的角度对交互主体性问题的深入探索，从而形成中国传统交互主体性思想的基本雏形。

An elementary study on intersubjective thoughts of Mencius and Xunzi

On the basis of inheriting Confucian ideas and considering their era'8 conditions, Mencius and Xunzi put for ward their ethical philosophy in different directions. Mencius argued that benevolence is the radical principle of the intersubjective relations of human beings, which is significant in the stabilization of social community. Moreover, linking benevolence with human nature he put forward his theory of good nature. On the contrary, Xunzi emphasized that etiquette,which was the intersubjective norm defining human relations,was of great importance. Relating etiquette to human nature he established his theory of evil nature. The different thoughts of Mencius and Xunzi indicated that Confucians before the Qin Dynasty had explored the intersubjective relations and social community in multi-directions,thus forming the basic em bryo of Chinese traditional culture on intersubjectity.