老年人受家庭成员侵害维权体制改革新论

目前,在老年人合法权益受到家庭成员侵犯时,老年人权益保障法、民法通则、民事诉讼法、刑法、刑事诉讼法等法律建立的维权体制存在着一些问题,应予修改。修改建议是,任何单位和个人一经知道或怀疑老年人受到家庭成员侵害,就必须向主管机关报案;设立统一的查明违法行为的机关;查明违法行为的机关应分别遵循治安管理处罚法或刑事诉讼法规定的程序;查明违法行为的机关负担服务职责、支持诉讼活动的职责并拥有调解权;在民法上增加惩罚性赔偿制度,在民事法律行为有效条件方面实行举证责任倒置;在刑法上规定家庭成员对老年人实施的犯罪应从重或加重处罚。

Reforms in Procedural Mechanisms for Senior Citizen Domestic Abuse

This paper argues that at present,there are several flaws in procedural mechanisms that protect senior citizens from domestic abuse.The current system involves the Protection of Rights and Interests of Senior Citizens Act,General Principles of Civil Law,Civil Procedure Act,Penal Code and Penal Procedure Act.This paper suggests that the system be reformed as follows: once any unit or individual discovers or has cause to suspect that a senior citizen is being abused,he or she should report to the relevant law enforcement agency which will then adhere to procedural rules provided by the Public Security Administration Punishments Act and Penal Procedure Act.The agency should assume lawsuit responsibilities and be provided with power to negotiate.There should also be more severe punishments for abuse of senior citizens.