Ranking the presidential spouses |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Berlin, Germany;2. Freie Universität Berlin, Inst. of Geosciences, Planetology and Remote Sensing, Berlin, Germany;3. INAF-IAPS, National Institute for Astrophysics, Rome, Italy;4. School of Earth & Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA;5. JHU-APL, Laurel, MD, USA;6. Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ, USA;7. Brown University, Providence, RI, USA;8. NASA JPL, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA;9. UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA;1. Hungarian Natural History Museum, Bot. Dep., H-1431 Budapest, Pf. 137, Hungary;2. Jagiellonian University, Institute of Botany, Department of Taxonomy, Phytogeography and Palaeobotany, ul. Kopernika 27, PL-31-501 Kraków, Poland;3. GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Department of Geography and Geosciences, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany and MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary;4. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, 31-512 Kraków, Poland;5. Geological and Geophysical Institute of Hungary, Department of Geological and Geophysical Collections, Budapest 1143, Stefánia út 14, Hungary |
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| Abstract: | Numerous polls have offered rankings of the presidents but little effort has been made to rate the performance of the president's spouse. Not only has there been far less academic attention devoted to the first ladies, but there are difficulties inherent in assessing this “office” that presidential scholars need not worry about when ranking the commanders-in-chief. Yet, the first lady has emerged as a political “institution” worthy of scholarly attention, including an attempt at ranking them. This article provides the results of a poll ranking the first ladies, along with an analysis of the rankings between activist and traditionalist first ladies, first ladies of different historical periods, and between the presidents and their spouses. |
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