试论战国后期秦对巴蜀的统一及社会经济改革

古代的巴蜀由于农耕条件的优越性，其农业经济发展很快，春秋、战国时期其农业、手工业、林业、渔业进一步提高。战国后期，泰国为统一天下首先对富饶的巴蜀发动了战争，想使其成为自己的后方基地而着力经营。公元前316年秦统一巴蜀，统一后秦政府大举移民巴蜀、修建城市，兴修水利，巩固在巴蜀的封建统治。秦对巴蜀的吞并战争及社会经济改革主观上看破坏了巴蜀人民的生活现状，客观上看它的一系列政策，使闭塞的巴蜀迅速融合到中原文化之中，直至西汉中期，已不再具有原有的民族特征。正是秦在巴蜀成功的经济政策，使巴蜀经济在原来的基础上又上了一个新台阶，不仅在后来有效地支援了秦对六国的统一战争，而且使巴蜀在自身的经济发展中创造了条件。

Comment on Qin's Unification to BaShu and Its Social and Economic Reforms in Late Warring States Period

Because of the superiority in farming conditions, agricultural production developed rapidly in ancient Bashu. In Spring and Autumn period and Warring States period,its farming, handicraft industry, forestry and fishery improved markedly. In the late Warring States period, Qin was the first state to lauch a fighting to abundant Bashu and made it the rear base. In 316 BC, Qin state unified Bashu and immigrated there. They recreated dries and built water conservancy projects in order to consolidate his feudal power. Objectively,it＇s a good thing that Bashu was annexed by Qin through feudalistic reforming, standardized Chinese characters, migration and so on. The people in Bashu mixed together rapidly to central culture and lost its own national characteristics. Adopting a series of good economic policy, Qin not only promoted the economy of Bashu, but also supported the later unification.