语言学文字学的转向与文字学课程地位的变化

在西方,语言学历来是一门独立的学科,而文字学则附属于语言学。在中国,文字学早就形成了一门独立的学科,可是在20世纪前半页,中国的语言学凌驾于文字学之上而占据了统治地位,文字学被纳入语言学之中,成为语言学的二级学科。20世纪60年代以后,人们把研究的重点从语言转向文字,文字概念正在超越语言的范围,文字学正在成为独立于语言学的学科。与此相适应,上世纪末,教育部制定的课程方案恢复了高校的文字学课程,但是,这一方案在某些学校没有很好地落实。应该提高认识,落实教育部有关方案,落实文字学课的专业基础主干课地位。

The Turning of Linguistics and Chinese Graphology with the Change of Its Courses Position

In west,linguistics is an independent branch through the ages,and the philology is attached to the linguistics.In China,philology had been an independent branch.But in the first half of 20th century,Chinese linguistics took up the dominant position,and the philology which was brought into linguistics,became the branch of lower grade.Since people turned the research centers from linguistics to philology in 1960s,the concept of philology is exceeding the bound of linguistics,and philology is becoming an independent branch to linguistics.According to this,at the end of last century,the Ministry of Education has constituted the courses program to resume the philology courses of high education.But this program hasn't been executed very well in some colleges and universities.We have to carry out the program,and maintain position of philology as the basic and main course.