昆山腔的产生与流变考论

元代有两种昆山腔,一种是顾坚等文士创立的清唱昆山腔,一种是民间艺人创立的作为南戏四大唱腔之一的昆山腔。明代嘉靖年间魏良辅将清唱昆山腔的演唱方式引入剧唱昆山腔,演唱方式的改变引起了南北曲曲体的变异,昆山腔的曲体指义增强,有了“昆曲”之称;而这时的“昆山腔”或“昆曲”,实已超越了昆山一地的限制,流行南北,成为全国、全民族的“曲”。

A Textual Study on the Emergence of the Kunshan Opera and Its Variations

There were two kinds of Kunshan Opera in the Yuan dynasty: One was in the form of aria founded by Gu Jian and other scholars, and the other was one of the Four Great Operas of South Opera founded by folk dramatists. Wei Liangfu introduced the Kunshan Opera from the form of aria to the form of stage during the reign of Jiajing of the Ming, and the composition of the North Opera and South Opera changed greatly. The Kunshan Opera became strongly denotative and earned the title of Kun Opera. The Kunshan Opera, or the Kun Opera, was no longer limited to Kunshan but became a national opera popular throughout the country.