虚拟企业:一种基于交易成本理论的分析

本文基于交易成本理论的分析方法,通过与实体企业的比较,认为虚拟企业产生的原因是当交易成本低于实体企业内部交易成本之后,最合适的选择之一是寻求外部合作。但虚拟企业这种组织形式是以付出协调上的努力为代价的,其边界取决于内部交易成本与外部交易成本比较。"套牢"是虚拟企业各成员显示自身诚实与声誉进而成为约束自身及其他成员的手段,网络化使虚拟企业拥有将一次性博弈转变为重复博弈的内生机制,成为信誉的载体。

An Analysis of the Virtual Enterprise Based on the Transaction Cost Theory

Based on the paradigm of the transaction cost theory and compared with the substantive enterprise, this paper concludes that one of the best choice is to seek the outer-cooperation for the virtual enterprise when the transaction cost in the market is lower than the organization cost. Its cost is putting a lot of coordination and its boundary depends on the comparison between the inter transaction cost and the outer transaction cost. "Hold-up" is the means that its members display the honesty and the reputation for the virtual enterprise and restrain themselves and others. Networking is the endogenous mechanism that changes the one-off game into repeat game and becomes the carrier of the reputation.