亚里士多德理想城邦构建思想探析

在古希腊历史上，亚里士多德是较早思考理想城邦问题的哲学家。在对待如何构建理想城邦问题上，亚里士多德有许多思考，包括“公正”是政治共同体秩序的基础，法治优于一人之治和教育使城邦成为团体而达到统一，并提出了包括当政者要注意细节讲诚信、最优良的政治共同体应由中产阶级执掌政权、城邦必须有一定数量的人口并要实现自给自足、凡是对城邦共同体有卓越贡献的人理应在城邦中享有更加显赫的地位、城邦各部族间的失调易引发内乱、城邦的至善是不使城邦毁灭以及共同的文化活动使人们获得集体认同感等构建理想城邦的七大途径。探析亚里士多德的理想城邦构建思想对我国和谐社会的建设有一定的借鉴意义。

Aristotle and the Building of an Ideal City-state

Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle was one of the earliest philosophers who had been considering ideal city-states in western history. He held that ＂equity＂ was the highest goal of these states. The rule of law and education were the two major cornerstones for them. He proposed seven ways of building city-states, i.e., good faith of the rulers, power in the hands of the middle class, self-sufficient population, prominent position enjoyed by contributors to the state, prevention of riots caused by conflicts among clans, prevention of the ruin of the state and common cultural activities. It can be used as a source of reference in building a harmonious society in China today.