中国直辖市服务业中的“成本病”问题

20世纪90年代以来,中国直辖市服务业的劳动生产率增长相对滞后,对服务的需求缺乏价格弹性,居民的服务性消费支出趋于增加,服务价格而非收入水平的上升是导致居民服务消费支出比重上升的主因。因此,在服务业方面已显露出成本病问题。这不仅会给政府带来财政困难,而且会对服务业自身的发展产生消极影响。解决这一问题的关键在于如何统筹兼顾好服务业的需求与供给。在需求方面,要使服务消费对服务业的拉动作用从主要通过价格渠道转为主要通过收入渠道上来;在供给方面,应进一步推动服务业领域改革,促进市场竞争,提高服务质量与劳动生产率,增加服务供给,遏止服务价格过快上涨,防止由此引起的整个经济的通货膨胀倾向与财政拖累。

The Cost Disease of the Service Industries in Chinese Municipalities

Since the 1990s,the relative labor productivity growth of the service industries in Chinese municipalities has been lagged behind,the demand for services is price inelastic,the services consumption has steadily expanded,but the rise in service price not the rise in per capita real GDP is the foremost cause for the rise in service expenditure proportion.All the above factors contribute to the cost disease,which will not only bring the government into the fiscal trouble,but affect the service industry itself....