镜与灯:寓言与写真--当代小说的叙事美学研究之一

“灯”对“镜”的取代,寓言叙事对“现实主义”叙事的代替,对于当代中国小说的变革具有决定性的意义。首先,中外小说均有寓言与写真两个小说传统,“表现说”和“摹仿说”分别可以看作是它们的原型,实际上寓言更为古老和常见;其次,当代原有的“写真”倾向存在的观念陷阱,是当代小说艺术陷于肤浅与虚伪的症结所在,而从寻根和新潮小说开始的寓言写作才挽救了小说艺术;三,从先锋小说之后,小说作为精神之灯的心灵性得到了从未有过的强化,而作为现实之镜的客观性也出现了碎片化的新趋势。

Light and Mirror:Fable and Realism

The replacement of light for mirror and fabulous narration for realism narration is full of decisive significance to contemporary Chinese novel. First, fable and realism are both regarded as novel tradition not only in China but also in foreign countries. Maybe "the expression" and "the imitation" are their prototypes. In fact, fable is much more old and common. Second, inherent realism in contemporary novels exists with notional pitfalls which make fictional art sink to showy and disingenuous symptom. And then, the fictional art is retrieved by fable composition from the beginning of "search-for-roots" literature and "modernistic fictions". Last, as a spirit light, novel's soul has been intensified than before since "vanguard novel" emerged .But as a reality mirror, novel's objectivity, has changed to a new tendency of fragments.