沈宋贬谪诗歌怨伤心态及其成因

沈俭期、宋之问在神龙元年因依附张氏兄弟遭贬。与盛唐、中晚唐贬谪诗人相比，沈宋具有明显人格缺憾，他们的被贬也近于罪有应得，但他们在贬谪诗歌中始终表达着无罪遭贬的怨愤与悲伤，这种心态颇耐人寻味。其成因，可以从中国专制政治背景、神龙贬谪的不公正、古代哀怨文学传统、诗歌的传播功能等多角度进行分析。

The Mentality of Resentment and Sadness and the Causes in the Demotion Poems by Shen Quan-qi and Song Zhi-wen

Shen Quan-qi and Song Zhi-wen were demoted because of their attaching themselves to Zhang Chang-zong and Zhang Yi-zhi.Compared with the poets like those during the flourishing period of Tang,the middle period of and the late period of Tang dynasty,such as the High Tang,Mid Tang and Late Tang,Shen and Song showed obvious personality defects,so they deserved the punishment.But the resentment and sadness run through their poems as they felt wronged and were treated unfairly.This mentality is quite interesting.The following factors may account for that: the autocratic politics of ancient China,the injustice of the demotion in the Shenlong Reign,the tradition of plaintive literature tradition since Qu Yuan and Song Yu and the communicative function of poems.