基于会话分析的中日跨文化交流话题管理探讨

为了明确中国日语学习者在与日语母语者的跨文化交流中的特征和存在的问题,本文在会话分析的先行研究的基础上,比较分析日语母语者和中国日语学习者会话中对于“话题管理”的不同特征,研究发现（1）话题导入：日语母语者会根据对日语学习者的日语语言能力和反应方式来选择,如果有超出日语学习者理解范围的趋势,日语母语者往往选择回避而选择新的话题.（2）话题展开：日语母语者更注重“相互参与的协调”,与此对应的是,中国日语学习者则表现出“个人意见的表达”的倾向.（3）话题选择：明显呈现出“由浅入深”的特点.

An Analysis of Topic Management of Cross-Cultural Communication Between China and Japan Based on CA

In order to define the features and existing problems of language learners in China when they com- municate with Japanese native speakers, this paper comparatively analyzed the different features of ＂topic man- agement ＂which occurs between Japanese native speakers and Japanese learners in China on the basis of some previous research on conversation analysis. The findings indicate that （1） the Japanese very often choose topics according to the language competence of language learners, and Japanese will choose new topics if they find lan- guage learners cannot follow very well; （2） the Japanese very often implement various ＂participation adjust- ments＂ in order to sustain the conversation and/or to encourage the language learners＇ participation, on the other hand, the language learners often tend to express personal views; （3） the ＂simple--deep＂ features of conversation topic selection is obvious.