公共物品私人提供的理论分析

自从Samuelson关于公共物品开创性的论述开始,人们普遍认为公共物品的非排他性造成搭便车行为的产生,导致市场在提供公共物品方面失灵。但是现实生活中由私人提供的公共物品不断出现,促使我们必须对上述观点进行重新地思考。在分析人们为什么愿意提供一定数量公共物品的基础上,本文分析了私人提供公共物品的理论依据及私人提供公共物品的形式。

Theoretical Analysis on the Private Provision of Public Goods

Since Samuelson's two seminal papers on public goods, it generally is accepted that private provision of public goods under competitive conditions is Pareto inefficient. This is due to free riding behavior. However, there have been many public goods provided by private sectors during recent years around the world. The facts should be explained theoretically. Based on the analysis of the reason of people voluntary distribution for the provision of public goods, the paper presents the theoretical basis, as well as the forms of private provision.