60年嬗变:国家与国企利润分配制度的演替

国有企业在国民经济的发展中居于主导地位,然而,建国以来,囿于历史环境和制度非均衡,国家与国企尚未形成稳定规范的利润分配模式,影响了财政收支的完整性和统一性。基于国有企业面广量大的事实和双元财政的要求,应以税利分流为基础重构国有资本财政收入制度,并建立国企利润上缴的宪政框架,:实现高效的路径替代;从社会福利的视角考虑,红利应重点投向教育和国企的自主创新,实现国企和民生的正和博弈。

The 60-year Evolution:the Changing System of Profit Distribution between the State and State-owned Enterprises

The state-owned enterprises have been taking the dominant position in the national economy’s development for about 60 years in New China.However,because of the unbalanced development in history and institution,there is a lack of stable and standard distribution model between the state and state-owned enterprises which affects the integrity and unity of fiscal revenue and expenditure.Given the fact that the state-owned enterprises manufactures a wide range and high volume of products at the request of the dual-financial structure,it would be a better approach to reestablish the fiscal revenue system of state-owned capital on the basis of profits and taxes shunt,like the constitutional system for the state-owned enterprises to turn over profits to the state.From the perspective of the social welfare considerations,dividends should be invested into education and independent innovation of state-owned enterprises for the purpoze of the positive-sum game of state-owned enterprises and livelihood.