The population,agriculture, and environment nexus in Latin America: country-level evidence from the latter half of the twentieth century |
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Authors: | David L Carr Anna Carla Lopez Richard E Bilsborrow |
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Institution: | (1) UC Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, USA;(2) Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA |
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Abstract: | Unprecedented population growth and migration accompanied equally unprecedented land use and land cover change in Latin America
during the latter decades of the twentieth century. Country-level data are examined with bivariate statistics to determine
relationships between changes in population patterns and land use (agriculture and forest cover) from 1961 to 2001. In South
America, large forest areas were eliminated during the period, while exceptionally high rates of forest clearing were ubiquitous
in the Central America/Caribbean region. These environmental changes accompanied dissimilar initial population densities and
different effects of population change on agriculture. While interacting with a host of political, socio-economic, and geographic
processes, it appears that both Malthusian and Boserupian demographic processes were important drivers of deforestation. Given
continued, though slowing, population growth, increased urban consumption, and future land use constraints, policy makers
face myriad challenges in advancing sustainable agriculture-population dynamics in Latin America. |
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