真实与想象——中国古代易装文化的嬗变与文学表现

20世纪以前世界各国的易装文化都以女扮男装为主流，中国古代易装文化非常丰富，又有不同于欧洲的特点。历史上的妇女易装个案与战争、民族融合及科举制度密切相关。至明清时代，添加了反叛礼教和市民文化的色彩，又有遗民、边缘文人“女性化”心态的作用，加上文学上闺秀传统及才女“文人化”的形成，文学易装题材的创作达到高峰，尤以女作家所创作的叙事作品表现女性意识的崛起和追求个性解放、男女平等的理想，而显得意义深远。

Reality and Imaginary: TheTransmutation of Ancient Chinese Disguise Culture and Its Significance in LiteraryAppearance

The disguise culture in countries over the world before the 20th century was presented in the main by woman disguised as a man. The disguise culture in ancient China was rich and colorful with features different from what featured the European disguise culture. In ancient China a female in disguise of male was closely related to the cases of war, national emergence, and imperial examination. By the times of the Ming and the Qing Dynasties, there appeared the notions of bourgeois and anti feudal ethics and rites in the works of this subject matter. The adherents of a former dynasty or the survivors of a great upheaval, the marginal men of letter and the men with sissified mentality were in disguise to be vividly described. The tradition of cultured lady literature and the formation of talent cultured woman circles brought the literary creation of this subject matter to the top of which the narrative works by female writers were of deep and significance for their female awareness in seeking emancipation of individuality and the equality between the sexes.