文学中的人物形象与人类主客体关系

人类生存发展中所面对、所要解决的核心问题是主体与客体的关系问题。作为“人学”的文学也一直以艺术的方式探索和解答着这一问题,文学中人物形象的塑造鲜明而集中地体现了这一点。文学中人物形象的发展大致经历了三个阶段:神魔化阶段—常人化阶段—扭曲化阶段。这一发展轨迹反映了人类主客体关系的状况:主客体之间的混沌统一及人类主体性迷茫和幻想提升—主客体之间的现实统一及人类主体性确立和发展—主客体之间的统一被破坏及人类主体性由扩张导致失落,形成新的迷茫。

On The Figures and Relationship Between Subject and Object in Literature

The core problem that the human beings have to confront and settle is the relationship between subject and object. As one of the major branch of anthropology, literature contributes a lot to the exploration and explanation of this problem with artistic means, which is embodies distinctively by the shaping of figures in literature. However, only a few papers targets on this in literature field before. Based on this perspective, this paper proposed a theory that the development of figures in literature can be roughly divided into three stages: deified figure stage, ordinary figure stage, and deformed figure stage. This track of development reflects the relationship between human subject and human object: the obscure integrity of subject and object with the perplex of human being and promotion of human imagination as subject; the practical integrity of subject and object with the establishment and development of human being as subject; the collapse of the integrity between object and subject with the transformation from expansion to shrink, which forms the new perplex in development.