国际私法定义辨析

我国学者对国际私法所下的定义,吸取了西方国际私法理论的观念,即把国际私法的主要任务看成是解决法律冲突。然而,从历史和逻辑的角度审视法律冲突在国际私法发展过程中的作用,我们会看到,尽管国际私法与法律冲突相伴而生,但它的任务却并不是要解决法律冲突,而且事实上也解决不了法律冲突。法律冲突的解决只能依赖于各国“应然法律”的趋同,而国际私法的任务则是通过确定涉外关系当事人的权利义务,去建立并维护一个合理的、正当的国际民商事交往秩序。

Interpretation and Analysis of the Definition of Private International Law

The definition of private international law in China derives the concepts given by the Western theory that holds that the task of private international law is to resolve the conflict of laws in a foreign case.However,in the eyes of history and logic,looking over the effect of the conflict of laws on private international law,we can see that private international law is generated with the conflict of laws,but its task is not to,and actually cannot,resolve the conflict of laws.The resolution to the conflict of laws only depends on the congruence within the "law as it ought to be" of every country.Therefore,the task of Private International Law is to establish and maintain a reasonable,just order of international civil and commercial communication through the definition of each party's right and obligation.