历相三朝的满族耆宿——马齐宦海生涯的若干特点

马齐是清前期满族大臣中一位颇具特色的人物。他身经顺、康、雍、乾四朝 ,亲历清朝最高统治集团内部激烈的权力斗争而始终保持高位 ,在康雍年间长期担任首席满洲大学士。本文拟从马齐在仕途中的起伏得失 ,在康雍乾三朝所扮演的不同角色 ,与康雍乾三帝的不同关系 ,其才力、处事风格对仕途的影响和他之所以得到诸帝保全的原因等角度 ,考察这位满族贵族在官僚体制与专制皇权的束缚控制下 ,显赫却又无奈的宦海生涯及特点。

Ma Qi--The three reigns minister of early Qing

Ma Qi was characteristic among the Manchu ministers of the early Qing.He experienced 4 reigns, since Shunzhi to Qianlong. As the chief Manchu official of Grand Secretariat, Ma Qi played different roles and had complex relationships with the emperors Kang Yong Qian. He spent his years under the strict control of the autocratic imperial power.