1991年以来俄罗斯的中国移民构成分析

苏联解体后,俄罗斯境内的中国移民规模逐渐增大,随着俄罗斯经济社会的变化,中国移民的构成也变得更加多样和复杂。对俄罗斯边境地区四个州的中国移民情况调查表明,中国移民群体在移民类型、目的、法律地位、地区来源和去向、技术水平和行业分布等构成方面呈现出一定的特点。虽然中国的劳动移民在整体上还没有对俄罗斯劳动力市场和人口就业领域产生关键性的影响,但在俄罗斯东部,特别是在贸易、建筑业和农业等领域,移民的作用日益重要。

Analysis on the Composition of the Chinese Immigrants in Russia Since 1991

After the disintegration of the Soviet Union,the number of Chinese immigrants in Russia is gradually increasing,and the composition of the Chinese immigrants in Russia has become more diverse and complex with economic and social changes in Russia.Based on surveys of the Chinese immigrants situations in the four frontier states of Russia,the Chinese immigrants groups have showed some features in terms of immigrant type,purpose,legal status,regional origin,destination,technical skill level,trade distribution,etc.Although the Chinese labor migrants in general have not exerted crucial impacts on the labor market and employment situations in Russia,they are playing an increasingly important role in eastern Russia,particularly in the fields of trade,construction,agriculture,etc.