审美(美)的实有和虚无

审美(美)的实有与虚无问题一直是一个悖论:美可以说是一种幻象,并非实在,也可以说是本真的世界而非虚幻。这个悖论只能在哲学本体论的层面上得到解决。存在是生存的根据,具有实有和虚无两个对立同一的范畴。实有是指存在的本真性(在场的可能性),虚无是指存在的非现实性(不在场)。由此也规定了现实生存的有(实在性)与无(非本真性)两个矛盾方面。审美是自由的生存方式,是现实生存向本真存在的超越,因此审美也存在着实有化和虚无化的环节。首先,审美把生存虚无化,消解其现实性和否定其现实意义,从而进入本真的存在领域;其次,审美还把生存实有化,形成审美意象,成为本真存在的现身,存在意义得以显现(在场)。审美的实有和虚无的同一性,也解决了所谓美的主客观性的争论,即美非主观(无),也非客观(有),而是主客观的同一。

Existence and Nothingness of Aesthetics

The existence and nothingness of the aesthetics(beauty) is always a paradox,this paradox can only be solved on the level of philosophical ontology.Being is the basis of existence,which includes two opposite yet identical categories.Therefore,the contradictory aspects,namely the existence(actuality) and nothingness(inauthenticity) of actual existence,have been stipulated.Aesthetics,the free living style,is the transcendence from actual existence to authentic being,and has the content of both actuality and nothingness.At the same time,aesthetics is neither subjective(nothingness) nor objective(existence),but the identity of the above two.