论电商平台专利侵权中有效通知的法律要件——兼评最高人民法院第83号指导案例

通知具有推定电商平台是否存在过错以及是否就损害结果的扩大部分承担连带责任的效力，有效通知在实质上可促进电商平台积极作为，在形式上会遏制一部分恶意投诉的现象。

通过对相关案例及争议观点进行分析，可以发现现行立法对通知的原则化规定导致实务中对专利领域有效通知的认定标准出现不统一，同时有效通知标准也受限于电商平台专利侵权的审查能力。

在专利侵权中应对有效通知课以更高标准，而适当降低电商平台的注意义务。在客观上，有效通知内容中的专利侵权初步证据需达到高度盖然性标准，通知的形式应限制在法律的框架内，而不必符合电商平台的投诉规则。有效通知主观状态需以善意相信为标准，但不应要求专利权人负有合理使用的审查义务。

Study on the Identification of Effective Notification of the Obligee in the Patent Infringement of the E-commerce Platform

[Purpose/Significance] Notification has the effect of presuming whether there is fault on e-commerce platform, and whether it should bear joint and several liability for improper expansion of the consequences of damage. Effective notification can promote the e-commerce platform to act actively in essence, and curb the phenomenon of some malicious complaints in form. [Design/Methodology] Through the analysis of relevant cases and controversial views, it can be found that the principled provisions of the current legislation on notification lead to the inconsistency of the identification standards of effective notification in the field of patent infringement. Meanwhile, the standards of effective notification are also limited by the examination ability of e-commerce platform for patent infringement. [Conclusions/Findings] The higher standards should be set for effective notification in patent infringement to properly reduce the duty of care of e-commerce platforms. In objective terms, the preliminary evidence of patent infringement in the content of effective notification should meet the high probability standard, and the form of notification should be limited within the legal framework, rather than conform to the complaint rules of e-commerce platform. In subjective terms, the effective notification should be based on good faith belief, but the patentee should not be obliged to examine fair use.