论朱熹对历代诗歌的批评

朱熹对历代诗歌的批评包括三个重点对象：选诗（先唐诗）、唐诗和宋诗。其论诗范围已涵盖到当时为止的全部诗史。朱熹特别重视选诗，认为选诗是后世诗人应该仿效的典范。他最早对陶渊明诗的平淡风格作出了准确的评价。对于唐诗，朱熹强调应以李白、杜甫为典范。他肯定李、杜诗中遵循选诗法度的、风格平正稳健易于仿效的部分。他虽然最为推重先唐诗自然朴素的风格，但并不一味的厚古薄今，对唐、宋的主要诗人多有肯定。朱熹的批评含有针砭当时诗坛风气的现实意义，对后代也有很高的参考价值。

On Zhu Xi's Criticisms of the Poetry Composed Over the Dynasties

The main subjects of Zhu Xi's criticisms of the poetry composed over the dynasties are Selected Poetry (of Early Tang), Tang poetry, and Song poetry, and his discussions of poetry covered the whole range of poetry up to his own time. Zhu thought most highly of Selected Poeal and concluded that these poems should serve as the model for pets to come. He was the first whO gave the most accurate evaluation to the prosaic style of Tao Yuanming.For Tang poetry he held that Li Bai and Du Fu should be the models, and was positive about the part of Li and Du's poetry that observed.the rules of poetry with a solid style easy to be followed. Although he held in highest es- teem the natural and simple style of early Tang poetry, he did not stress the past at the expense of the present; he was positive about most major Tang and Song poets. Zhu's criticisms were intended to address the problems of the poetry of his own time, and made good reference for the following generations.