论社会交换行为的类型及其制约因素

交换理论的出现给人们提供了一种社会学研究的框架 ,然而 ,这一理论的阙失面又影响了人们对社会现象及社会结构进行更深入的探讨。交换理论的不足及批评的不足关键在于没有看到社会角色关系可以作为划分交换行为的标准。交换行为可以区分成四种类型 :利他型、利己型、合作型、冲突型。制约交换行为的因素有三种 :行动者的个性、社会强制力、自然环境

On the Types and Constraints of Social Exchange

The theory of exchange provides a framework for sociological studies, but its inadequacy inhibits more detailed studies in social phenomena and social structure. The inadequacy of social exchange theories and criticisms of it lies in that they failed to see that social role relationships might be used as the criterion for dividing social exchange behavior. Social exchange behavior falls into four types: altruistic, egoistic, cooperative and conflictive. There are three constraints of exchange behavior: the personality of the actor, social constraints and the natural environment.