试论1868-1872年间英国自由党政府的帝国政策

英国的自由主义在１９世纪５０年代达到了顶峰,亚当·斯密关于经济自由的思想 从理想变为了现实,边沁的功利主义学说为自由主义树起了新的丰碑,这种自由的大氛围对 英帝国政策的转变起了极大的推动作用。同时,英国经济霸权的确立,特别是世界范围的自 由贸易也为英国从极其依赖帝国走向“放松帝国联系”之路。１８６８－１８７２年间的帝国政策以 及随后的演变为沃伦斯坦的“中心”、“边缘”理论提供了最恰当的例证。

On the Imperial Policies of Britain's Liberal Party Government Between 1868 and 1872

Liberalism in Britain reached its zenith in the mid-19th century. Adam Smith's theory about economic freedom became reality, and Bentham's utilitarianism set the scene for liberalism. Such free atmosphere pushed forward the change in British imperial policies. Meanwhile, the establishment of British economic hegemony, and world-wide free trade enabled the British to shift from heavy dependence on the empire to "relaxing imperial ties". These policies of the British Empire between 1868 and 1872 and subsequent changes provide the best example for "center" and "circumference" theories later On.