享乐主义观及其批判

人的活动可以区分为创造活动和享受活动两种。享受活动与创造活动相联,是对自己的创造成果的享受,这是合理的;如果与创造活动相分割,不是通过自己的创造活动创造出来而加以享受,这种享受就是"享乐"。在历史上,有的人主张过一种享乐的生活,并将这种享乐区分为物的享乐和精神的享乐两种。这两种享乐观,前者被称为"纵欲主义",后者则被称为"禁欲主义",都是应该加以批判的。

A Critique of Hedonism

The activities of people can be classified into two categories： the activities of creation and the activities of enjoyment. The latter is reasonable if it is connected with former and becoming the enjoyment of one＇ s own creation. However, if it is disconnected from the former, and not an enjoyment to one＇ s own creation, the activity of enjoyment becomes ＂hedonistic＂. In the past, someone has advocated the hedonistic life, and has distinguished between material enjoyment and spiritual enjoyment. The former is called carnalism, while the latter is called asceticism. Both of them should be criticized.