《大宗师》篇“故圣人之用兵也”三节为羼入辨——读《庄》漫笔之十三

《大宗师》篇 :“故圣人之用兵也”三节 ,从思想、用语、与上文的衔接、深层次的思维方式、思维逻辑与文风上 ,都可以看出 ,它是不属于内篇的。其中“古之真人 ,其状义而不朋”一节之为羼入者 ,从未为论者所说明过 ,并且 ,本节文字歧解甚多 ,完整地讲通这一节 ,也还是《庄》学们所未曾做到的事。作者一方面对前人的论述加以了辨析 ,另一方面更从对于文本的深入分析中 ,详述了这三节之不属于《庄子·内篇》的原因

On the Adulteration of the Three Sections of the Article Great Master of Learning -- The 13th Stray Notes on Zhuang Zi

Judging by the content, the language, the contextual cohesion, the underlying mode of thought, the logic of thought and the writing style, one may discover that the three sections which begin with the sentence "the way saints resort to armed forces..." can't exist in the original text. The section " In the ancient times gentlemen were loyal to their friends but never banded together" was wrongly added to the original text, as never pointed out before. Besides, this section is rather ambiguous, and a complete interpretation of it has not been made by any of the scholars who have studied Zhuang Zi.The author of this paper makes a critical analysis if the expositions of our predecessors,and states in detail the reasons why the three sections cannot exist in the original text.