辽西两蕃对则天朝政局之影响

地处辽西的契丹和奚族 ,史称两蕃。则天朝万岁通天元年 (6 96年 )契丹叛唐 ,奚族与其他东北民族也迅速卷入其中 ,武则天不得不“倾天下以事一隅” ,先后三次派大军征讨 ,出兵达数十万之多。通过这场战争 ,唐府兵制度败坏、内部用人选将不当、忽视对东北边防的经营、对河北管理不力等诸多问题都暴露出来 ,并且对则天朝储位之争、东突厥复兴、渤海的兴起产生了巨大的影响 ;同时更造成唐东北防线退出辽西 ,后撤至幽州一线的严重后果 ,从而对后来玄宗朝的军事政策和军事布局构成影响。

Khitan & Hsis Influence upon the Political Situation of Chou Dynasty

Khitan & Hsi inhabited themselves to the western part of Liao River.The former rebelled against T'ang dynasty in 696,and the latter was also involved rapidly.Empress had to exert her utmost to suppress the rebellion.Throughout the war many problems were exposed,such as corrupt system of military service,improper choice and appointment of persons,neglect of management of the northeastern frontier defence,and maladministration of Hebei.The rebellion in 696 had a great influence upon the succession of the Chou dynasty,the revival of EasternTurks and the emergence of Parbae.Meanwhile,the northeastern line of defence was obliged to retreat on You-choushire.Consequently,it exerted a great influence on the military policy and layout of Hsuan-tsung.