20世纪伊朗两次革命之比较

伊朗在20世纪发生了两次具有重大历史影响的革命:1905年宪政革命和1979年伊斯兰革命。本文从革命的领导者、同盟军、中坚力量、指导思想以及革命时期的国家制度、军队情况等六个方面,对这两场革命进行了比较分析,分别阐述了二者之间的异同之处。通过对两场革命诸要素的比较,可以看出后者呈现出许多新的内容,这体现了两次革命之间七十多年伊朗社会发展进程带来的社会结构的变化。

The Comparison between the Two Revolutions of Iran in the 20th Century

Two revolutions had taken place in Iran during the 20th century,they were Constitutional Revolution in 1905 and Islamic Revolution in 1979,both of them had significant influence in Iranian history.This article compared each other in six fields of the following: the leadership,alliance of participants,backbone,guiding ideology of the two revolutions and the situation of state and army,then described their identity or similarity and difference respectively.By comparing these factors of the two revolutions,we can find that there were many new contents in the latter,which embodied the changes of Iranian social structure in the process of modernization for more than 70 years between the two revolutions.