城市公用事业分拆竟争的决策分析

在城市公用事业这种自然垄断产业中实行竞争,首先要区别对待自然垄断性业务和非自然垄断性业务。分拆竞争就是将原有的自来水集团业务分离,形成水厂与管网分离、水厂竞争的运行模式。分拆竞争对于被分拆的集团公司与分拆后独立运行的水厂公司,都有一个分拆决策问题。这种分拆决策依赖于公司分拆所带来的直接和间接收益与自来水集团公司滞留水厂公司的收益和成本的对比分析,以及集团管理层、水厂管理者和政府三者的动态博弈。

Analysis on the Decision of Spin-off Competition in City Public Utility --Taking Beijing Water Supply Industry as an Example

For the implementation of competition in such monopoly industry as city public utilities, difference should be firstly made between natural monopoly operations and non-natural monopoly operations. Spin-off competition is to spin off the previous operations of water group to form the operating pattern, under which water factories separated from pipeline-net factories compete with each other. Spin-off competition makes both the water group (spin-off) and the water factories (independent operations after spin-off) face the problem of decision of spin-off. Such decision of spin-off relies on (i) the direct and indirect incomes incurred from spin-off, (ii) the comparison between proceeds and costs that water group has left in the water factories and (iii) the dynamic game among the group executives, water factory supervisors and the government.