社会管理创新:意义、特征与重心所在

社会管理创新是社会发展到一定历史阶段尤其是社会转型时期的必然现象,是经济社会协调发展以及通过社会改革促进政治发展的逻辑要求,它不仅以维护社会稳定、促进社会和谐为目标定位和现实选择,更以促进经济与社会协调发展、社会与国家协同进步为系统目标。社会管理创新着力于完善中国特色社会主义社会管理体制,以完善消解社会矛盾、缓解社会冲突、排解社会纠纷、化解社会风险的机制和能力,实现社会良好治理。社会管理创新有助于积累民主治理经验、民主进步动力和民主制度力量,促进中国特色社会主义政治制度的不断完善,对我国政治改革和政治现代化具有深远的影响。通常说来,社会管理及其创新具有公共性、开放性、系统性、体系性等特征,加强社会管理创新,必须突出上述特征。而结合当代中国的社会现实,应当更加强调社会管理及其创新的社会性、地方性和法治性。加强和创新社会管理,不仅要纳入社会建设视野,还应当纳入整个改革体系,坚持与经济改革、政治改革相衔接,遵循社会改革全面、协调和可持续的方针,并且需要侧重于加强政府建设和促进社会重构。建设以回应型、服务型、有限型、开放型、责任型、守法型为特征的善治型政府,是社会管理创新的关键所在;重构以公正型、道德型、团结型、自治型、权责型为特征的和谐型社会,是社会管理创新的根本所在。

Significance,Characteristics and Focus of Social Governance Innovation

The emergence of the concept of social governance innovation has profound social and political significance.The importance of social governance innovation,an inevitable phenomenon in some historic stage especially at the period of social transition,is equal to that of the economic reform initiated in China 30 years ago.It is the requirement of coordinated economic,social and political development,which aims at the maintenance of social stability and the promotion of social harmony.For the purpose of alleviating social conflicts,resolving disputes and social risks,and achieving good social governance,social governance innovation focuses on the improvement of the system.It is conducive to the accumulation of experience in democratic governance,democratic progress and the power of democracy,which eventually promotes China’s socialist political system,the reform and modernization of the political system.Generally speaking,publicity,openness and systemization are the features of social governance,which should be highlighted in the innovation process.Facing the reality of China,great importance should be attached to such important features of the innovation as socialization,localization and legalization.Social governance innovation is a more complicated project than the economic reform.It should stick to the principle of comprehensiveness,coordination and sustainability.Building a responsive,service limited,open,responsible,and lawabiding government and reconstructing a fair,moral,united,autonomic,and harmonious society are the key aspects of social governance innovation.