试析美国最高法院的外交功能

美国行政与立法机关在外交领域起着主导作用，司法部门既无兵权、也无财权，在对外事务中可供发挥的余地不多。在漫长的司法实践中，美国的司法系统逐渐形成了司法能动主义和司法限制主义两大对立的派别。值得注意的是，无论是法院对外交案例的积极介入，还是消极规避，均对美国外交产生了不同程度的影响。冷战结束后，随着个人权利与国家安全联系的加强，美国法院在对外事务中必将发挥更大的能动作用。

A Tentative Analysis of the Diplomatic Function of the US Supreme Court

The US administrative and legislative bodies play an important role in the diplomatic area.However,the judicial departments have neither military power,nor property ownership,nor much right in foreign affairs.During the long history of judicial practice,the US judicial system gradually developed into two opposing schools: judicial activism and judicial restrictionism.It is noteworthy that either the active involvement or the negative circumvention of the US Supreme Court in cases of foreign affairs has exer...