项目制:一种新的国家治理体制(英文)

作为新双轨制的增量部分，项目制旨在通过国家财政的专项转移支付等项目手段，突破以单位制为代表的原有科层体制的束缚，遏制市场体制所造成的分化效应，加大民生工程和公共服务的有效投入。以项目制为核心确立的新的国家治理体制，形成了中央与地方政府之间的分级治理机制，并对基层社会产生了诸多意外后果。项目制所引起的基层集体债务、部门利益化以及体制的系统风险，对于可持续的社会发展将产生重要影响。

The Project System:A New Form of State Governance

As the incremental component of the new dual track system, the project system aims to use special transfer payments from state finances and other strategies to break the shackles of the existing bureaucratic order, as represented by the work unit system. This approach seeks to curb the polarization arising from marketization and increase investment in people＇s livelihood and public services. The new project-centered system of governance has encouraged the formation of hierarchical central-local governance mechanisms, leading to a number of unforeseen outcomes for grassroots society. Collective debt at the grassroots level, departmental interests and the systemic risk brought about by the project system will have important implications for the sustainable development of society.