西方哲学视野中的知识观

了解不同时代的知识观,可以帮助我们辨证地看待知识,可以为课程改革提供知识论依据。古希腊哲学的知识观带有明显的知识客观论倾向,强调知识是经过证实了的真的信念;近代哲学的知识观属于主观知识论,强调人的知识必然具有普遍有效性;现代哲学的知识观逐步从认识论转向价值论,强调知识的客观性也是由主体建构的。后现代的知识观是对现代知识观的反思和批判,强调知识的复杂性和相对性。

The Outlook on Knowledge in Western Philosophical Vision

Understanding the outlooks at different times helps us to view knowledge in a dialectical way and to provide basis of theory of knowledge for curriculum reform.The outlook on knowledge in ancient Greek philosophy obviously tends to be objective and emphasizes that knowledge is the real faith which has been testified;the outlook on knowledge in modern philosophy belongs to subjective theory of knowledge,which emphasizes that knowledge necessarily possesses the universal validity;the outlook on knowledge in contemporary philosophy gradually changes to axiology from epistemology,which emphasizes that the objectivity of knowledge is built by the main body;the outlook on knowledge in post-contemporary philosophy is a kind of reflection and criticism to the contemporary outlook and it emphasizes the complexity and relativity of knowledge.