二十世纪现代主义语境中西方悲剧观念的流变

进入二十世纪现代主义语境中的西方悲剧观念对传统悲剧观进行了深刻的反叛与变革,成为独立的、带有鲜明的现代特征的文艺思潮。其变革集中体现为由外部冲突的实体悲剧转化为以异化为主题的内在哲理悲剧,这为悲剧观的流变带来正与负的双向效应:一方面,悲剧意识由外部向内部深化,对悲剧内里的沉入和形而上的反讽话语缔造了现代悲剧精神;但另一方面,也使现代悲剧遭遇了现代悲观主义的严峻挑战。

The Change of Western View of Tragedy in Modernism of the 20th Century

Entering the context of modernism of the 20th century, profound rebellions and reforms have taken place to traditional view of tragedy, which have become an independent and distinct modern trend of literature and art. The reforms embody a change from entity tragedy of the external conflict to the inherently philosophic tragedy with a theme of alienation. This has both positive and negative effects on the change of the view of tragedy: On the one hand, tragic consciousness goes deeper into the inside from the outside, which creates the modern tragic spirit for metaphysically ironic speech; on the other hand, modern tragedies meet with a great challenge from modern pessimism. pessimism