外国反垄断执法机构的特点及对我国反垄断立法的启示

反垄断立法固然重要 ,但建立保证反垄断法有效实施的执法体制更为重要。已制定反垄断法的国家绝大多数依法设立了专门的反垄断执法机构。这些反垄断执法机构都具有地位高、权力大、机构精干、人员专家化的特点 ,它们工作都是独立进行的 ,大多拥有强有力的行政权、准司法权和准立法权 ,从而保证其有效地实施反垄断法 ,有效地抑制垄断 ,保护竞争。在我国反垄断法制建设过程中 ,应从我们的实际情况出发 ,大胆借鉴外国的通行做法和成功经验 ,科学设置反垄断执法机构 ,并合理确定其职权。应加紧制定反垄断法 ,并由该法明确规定 :设立“国家公平交易委员会”或“国家反垄断委员会”作为专门的反垄断执法机构。

Characteristics of Foreign Legal Institution of Anti-monopolization and Their Instruction to Chinese Anti-monopolization Legislation

Setting up a legal system that can ensure the effective enforcement of anti-monopolization law is more important than the law itself. Special institutions to enforce it have been established by most nations that have the anti-monopolization law. Characterized by high status, great power, effective organization and expert members, these institutions work individually, have quasi-administrative, quasi-judicial and quasi-legislative powers, and can thus control monopolization effectively. China should learn from the current successful foreign experience of anti-monopolization in her construction of anti-monopolization law, and, in accordance with her concrete situations, to scientifically establish institutions against monopolization, and reasonably specify the relevant powers.