新疆卡伦的设立及作用

卡伦在新疆完善的过程表明了清政府推进全国统治秩序稳步前进的历程。新疆卡伦的建立具有自己的特点,一是分布范围广,二是种类繁多,三是建制齐全,四是职能完善。新疆卡伦在清代前期对于维护统一多民族国家各项事业的发展,增进各民族的交往,沟通边地与内地的联系等方面起到了推动作用。其中出现的一些问题,特别是守边过程中未能充分发挥本身的职责,显示出了其缺陷的一面。

The Establishment of Kaluns and Its Functions

The process of improving kaluns in Xinjiang shows how the government of the Qing Dynasty pushed for the steady progression of its overall dominance. The establishment of kaluns in Xinjiang manifests characteristics of its own. such as wide range of distribution, variety, complete system and sound functions. At the earlier stage of the Qing Dynasty, kaluns in Xinjiang exercised their functions to safeguard the unity of the country and the all-round development of the region, to enhance the communications of different ethnic groups and to link the frontiers with the inland areas. Yet there were also some problems revealing the defects of kaluns, for example, they did not function well in frontier defense in particular.