可持续发展原则下林业资源贴现的动态分析

林业资源政策的制定必须要以承认资源是有限的这个生态规律为前提。现实经济生活中,人们并不很愿意为投资的收益等待较长的时间,并对他们自己消费的评价比对他们后代消费的评价要高。这种情况下,人类可能更快地利用现有的自然资源,使得林业资源日益匮乏。本文提出建立可持续发展原则下林业资源贴现率的动态制定,依据林业资源的禀赋和不同林业利用背景制定动态贴现率。把林业资源从边际利益较低的用途转移到边际利益较高的用途之中———直到每单位资源的各种边际利益达到相等的最终均衡点为止--资源贴现率的动态变动就能够让人们的消费从中得到好处,这样就通过价格的上升影响到每个个人的消费欲望和选择。在可持续发展原则下制定贴现率的目的是可持续地利用林业资源。而且,随着林业资源的可持续力状况的改善,很多林业资源配置问题涉及在不同时间、不同世代之间进行选择的问题,动态制定贴现率的优势就可以充分发挥。

DYNAMIC ESTABLISHMENT OF THE FORESTRY RESOURCES DISCOUNT RATE UNDER THE PRINCIPLE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

While establishing the policy about the utilization of forestry resources,we have to acknowledge the ecological law that any resources are limited.However,in our actual life,people tend to be impatient to gain return from their investment,and show a higher estimate on their own consumption than on that of their offspring.Thus,they consume the existing resources at much too high a rate,which results in the exhaustion of the forestry resources. This paper puts forward a viewpoint of dynamic establishment of the discount rate with the principle of sustainable development.Forestry resources should be transferred from the lower marginal utility to the higher marginal utility till all kinds of marginal utility per unit resource reach a point of final equilibrium.The dynamic variation enables people to gain benefits from consumption.As a result,the consumption desire and choice of each individual are influenced by the rising price.The goal of establishing discount rate is to utilize forestry resources in a sustainable way.With the improvement of sustainability of forestry resources,the advantages of dynamic establishment of discount rate can be brought into full play in solving many issues on the choice of forestry resource allocation relating to different times and different generations.