中国融入国际人权两公约的进程与美国的对华政策

中国融入国际人权两公约包含程序性融入和规范性融入两个层次。1996年之前,美国因素虽然阻碍了中国对国际人权两公约的程序性融入,但却引发和推动了中国的规范性融入。1996年之后,随着中美关系的改善,美国因素从程序和规范两个方面都促进了中国融入的进程,推动中国签署了两公约。中国融入国际人权两公约是一个长期的过程,美国因素也将长期发挥作用,但它只是非决定性的外部因素,中国融入国际人权两公约的根本动力是国内的改革开放。美国对华人权政策的主要目的是维护美国的战略利益,中美之间在人权问题上仍然存在着合作的空间。

The Impact of American China Policy in the Course of China's Intergration into Two International Human Rights Convenants

When China integrates into Two International Human Rights Covenants,there are procedural integration and normative integration.American factor hindered China's procedural integration and triggered China's normative integration before 1996.After 1996,with the Sino-U.S.relations' improvement,America propelled China to integrate into human rights covenants from procedure to norm.Although China had signed the two covenants,it is a long way to integrate into the two covenants completely,and America will play an important role during China's integration.American factor is an undetermined factor; the fundamental dynamic is China's domestic reform and opening-up policy.Although American human rights policy towards China mainly maintains its strategic interest,there is still cooperation room on human rights problem between China and America.