核电站空间系统HCFC22冷水机组替代工质性质的研究

以核电站大型空调系统替代工质冷水机组的国产化为背景，考虑以HFC134a作为HCFC22替代工质的主要选择对象，对HFC134a和HCFC22的物理性质，、循环特性和系统特性进行了详细的比较和研究，在此基础上对采用替代工质时存在的技术问题进行了讨论。

On the properties of alternative refrigerants for HCFC22 water chillers applied in the air-conditioning system of nuclear power stations

As halocarbon refrigerants, HCFC22 and HFC134a are widely available for commercial air-conditioning applications and HCFC22 is the predominant refrigerant in use today. HCFC22 equipment is being specified today in well over one-third of all large tonnage chiller applications in the world, and all large reciprocating water chillers produced in China are HCFC22 installations at present. According to the Copenhagen Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, HCFCs (including HCFC22) are to be phased out completely before January 1, 2030. It is therefore of great importance to develop new water chillers utilizing alternative refrigerants, applied in the air-conditioning system of nuclear power stations. In this work, the physical properties, the refrigeration cycle characteristics and the system characteristics of HCFC22 and HFC134a are compared and analyzed in detail. On the basis of this, technical matters of using HFC134a as the substitute for HCFC22 on water chillers applied in the air-conditioning system of nuclear power stations are discussed.