《汉语大词典》“封”释义考察

通过对《汉语大词典》中“封”字条释义的考察与分析，发现《大词典》对“封”各义项的设立、分合、归并不尽合理。从“封”字的古文字字形的比照和前人对“封”义注释的分析来看，“封”的本义当是“聚土植树以为地界”这一动词义，而不是《大词典》中列于第一个义项的“疆域、分界”这一名词义；同时，在《大词典》“封”的诸多义项的释义中，存在着引文注语与义项不能完全对应的矛盾；此外还讨论了“封”跟“丰、堂、葑、窆”等诸字之间的关系问题。

A Study of the Interpretation of "feng (封)" in Chinese Dictionary

Through the study of the interpretation of the Chinese character ＂feng （封）＂ in Chinese Dictionary, it has been found that the meanings of ＂feng （封）＂ are unreasonable in establishment, division, and merging. Judging from its ancient shape and interpretation, ＂feng （封）＂ was originally used to be a verb which meant ＂setting boundaries by the means of gathering soil and planting trees＂ rather than a noun defined as ＂boundary＂ which is considered to be its original meaning in the dictionary. Besides, in Chinese Dictionary, there are also many entries of ＂feng （封）＂ which can not completely correspond to their contexts. Furthermore, this paper also discusses the relation between ＂feng （封）＂ and some other words similar in pronunciation but different in shape.