全球导航卫星信号体制知识产权分析

对卫星导航信号体制进行知识产权保护具有必要性和必然性。采取怎样的策略和模式对其进行保护关系着北斗卫星导航系统的未来发展。卫星导航信号体制中包括各类装置、编码和方法, 均可能符合专利客体的要求而在专利审批程序后获得专利保护; 但是导航信号本身是否能获得专利, 各国的立法和实践具有较大的差异。在对卫星导航信号体制的知识产权保护模式进行探讨, 对美国和欧洲在卫星导航领域的知识产权保护策略进行分析的基础上, 提出在北斗卫星导航系统信号体制的知识产权保护方面, 中国应借鉴美欧的经验, 基于北斗卫星导航系统的定位, 明确对于卫星导航信号的专利保护, 并采取相对宽松的知识产权保护策略以提升北斗卫星导航系统的竞争力, 同时促进相关产业的发展。

The patentability of signal-carrying media

It is necessary and important to protect the intellectual property (IP) of the satellite navigation signal system (SNSS). Choosing a suitable strategy and mode for IP protection of the BeiDou SNSS is essential for the future development of the system. The SNSS includes all kinds of devices, codes and methods, which may meet the requirements of the patent object and obtain patent protection after the patent approval procedure. However, concerning the patentability of the navigation signal itself, there are great differences in legislation and practice in different countries. This paper discusses the IP protection mode for the SNSS, and analyzes different IP protection strategies in the US and Europe. It is suggested that based on the value orientations of the Beidou SNSS, China should draw lessons from the experience of the US and Europe, clarify the patentability of satellite navigation signals, and adopt relatively loose IP protection strategies, so as to enhance the competitiveness of the Beidou SNSS and promote the development of related industries.