民间传说及其保护问题

国家级非物质文化遗产名录入选了包括俗称的四大传说在内的29个民间传说项目,开了在国家层面上对民间传说进行保护的先河,但进入国家名录的项目数量与民间社会实际的贮藏量相比,存在着巨大差距。传说的保护要以传说的特点为依据,即以现实世界中存在的事物和人物为主要蓝本或凭依和根据,经过群体的口口相传,并在传递中添枝加叶,逐渐附会和融合上一些与本事相关联的事件、人物、故事、情节和细节。与诗体作品相比,其传述者在传述民间传说时有较大的可发挥的自由度。

Folk Legends and the Protection of Them

Now 29 folk legends including the commonly known "four greatest Chinese legends" have been cataloged in national nonmaterial cultural heritage list, which is the first time that folk legends are protected at the national level. But there is a great discrepancy between the number of being listed and that of spreading among folk people. To conserve the folk legends, we must keep their own features, that is, based on real things and characters, folk legends absorbed some related events, characters, stories, plots and details in the process of passing on by oral tradition. Compared with works of poetry style, the narrator of folk legends enjoys more freedom of creation.