孔子传说中的“巧女”故事

古代文献中记录的与孔子相关的"巧女"故事,大致有《孔子与浣女》、《孔子与采桑娘》及《孔子遇路妇》等三种;近年完成的民间文学三套集成资料记录了多种与孔子相关的"巧女"故事。这些传说讲述了发生于孔子与智慧女性之间的故事,故事中的女性主人公表现出过人的才智,为孔子钦佩、赞许。孔子传说中的"巧女"故事,由于传播的时间久、范围广,所以积淀着不同阶层、不同时代的文化观念。就其表现的主题看,上层社会思想家通过其宣扬礼教思想;社会中下层则借以肯定或赞扬女性的智慧;进入现代社会后,普通群众讲述的该类故事则在肯定女性智慧和劳动者自身价值的同时,还有了批评或贬抑孔子的倾向。

"Skillful Women" Stories in the Legend of Confucius

Ancient documents recorded three kinds of stories which Confucius correlated with "skillful women", such as Confucius and a washing woman ,Confucius and a mulberry-picking woman and Confucius met with a woman on the road, etc. Three sets of integrated materials of folk literature finished in recent years have written down the stories of many kinds of "skillful women" correlated with Confucius especially. These legends told the stories happening between Confucius and women of intelligence. Women protagonist in the story displayed their ability and intelligence,which were admired or praised by Confucius. "Skillful women" stories in legend of Confucius , because of the long time and extensive range to spread , the cultural ideas of different stratum , different era were accumulated. Analysis on its theme displayed , the thinkers of upper class advocated the Confucian feudal ethical thoughts through it. In the society of lower stratum , just use it for affirmation or praise women's intelligence. After entering the modern society, this kind of story that ordinary masses told is while affirming women's intelligence and laborer's own value, there is inclination of criticizing or belittling Confucius.