战后法国对德政策调整的观念因素

二战后,无论从道义上还是实力上都占据着优势的法国并没有沿袭传统的对德敌视政策,而是把德国当作平等的伙伴,走上了与德国和解的一体化道路。这固然与其在国际舞台上地位的衰落有直接关系,但同时也是法国基于对国内外形势的认识、判断以及对原有观念所做的反思与改变。也就是说,观念起到了重要作用。两次世界大战的浩劫、战后欧洲的衰败表明了民族主义政治的狭隘和以军事争斗为主要外交手段的近代国际政治的局限,也促使欧洲人以现实的理性态度重新审视和思考国际关系,努力探求从欧洲出发实现本民族利益的可能性。受其影响,法国对外观念也发生了重大变化,法国政府相信只有通过在国际组织中实行切实的合作才能够使和平得到保障,这构成了法国对德政策调整的基础。

An Idealistic Analysis to Postwar French Policy to Germany

Post-second world war,France had abandoned its traditional policy hostile to Germany with its moral and strength superiorities,and became reconcile to Germany to take as its equal partner.Besides its strength having weakened,France had readjusted its policy to Germany because France had self-examined and changed its old ideas basing on international and domestic conditions recognition anew.Ideas had played great influence to French foreign policy.Catastrophes of two world wars and decline of Europe made clear that old international politics based on nationalism and military strength had confined international relations and French interests.France government believed that peace had been assured with cooperation with international organization.