我国现行诉讼费用制度的批判与重构——以国务院《诉讼费用交纳办法》为中心的考察

诉讼费用制度作为诉讼制度的一个重要组成部分,直接与当事人诉讼权利的保障相关,近年来已引起法学理论界和实务界的密切关注。尤其是今年4月1日,国务院制定的《诉讼费用交纳办法》正式颁布实施,使得诉讼费用成为社会各界广泛关注的一个热点问题。新办法的实施,处处显示着减轻人民群众诉讼的经济负担、彰显司法为民、促进社会和谐的新信息,但同时也引发了诸多争议,带来了许多新的问题。该文通过总结司法实践及借鉴国外经验,对现行诉讼费用规则的制定主体、诉讼费用内涵、新办法实施后对法院经费影响、法院经费管理等方面进行批判分析,并就如何构建更合理的诉讼费用制度提出了一些建议。

On Criticism and Reconstruction of Existing Lawsuit Fees in China

The system of lawsuit fees has already attracted close attention of theoretical workers and practitioners in recent years as an important component of the litigation directly with the parties related to the protection of the rights.In particular,lawsuit fees have become a hotter issue since the Provisions to Pay Lawsuit Fees promulgated in April 1,2007.The implementation of the new provisions lightens the financial burden of people's lawsuit,reflects the administration of justice for people,promotes society's harmony,but brings with some problems.This paper proposes some solutions to constructing a more reasonable system of lawsuit fees based on critical analysis to litigation formulation subject, explains the meaning of lawsuit fees,the effect of the new provisions to court finances and the management of lawsuit fees.