论儒家道德学说的理论形态

儒家道德学说具有一整套形式严谨、内容完备的理论建构，其以仁义道德的绝对价值为理论核心，形成了价值论；以德性与人性的相通为基础，形成了德性论；通过论证“德性所知”与“闻见之知”之间的关系，创造出知识论；通过论证人的本体实现，创造出目的论；为让人实现道德“自觉”，建构了教化论；为强调道德的合理性，建构了义务论。儒家道德理论的形成，为儒学的发展注入了强大的生命力。这也是儒家道德学说经历了中国社会意识形态历次变迁后，仍能对国人产生巨大影响的原因之一。

The Confucian Moral Theories

The Confucian morality comprises a full set of strict and complete theories. Its idea of value highlights the absolute value of virtue and morality, and that of moral quality, the integral connection between moral quality human nature. Its idea of knowledge is established on the grounds of argument on the relations between ＂Knowledge from Sense Perception＂ and ＂Knowledge Gained through the Virtuous Nature＂. Its idea of teleology is formed on the basis of expounding man＇ s ontological reahzation. The Confucian preaching aims at man＇ s development of a moral self- consciousness and its deontology highlights the reasonability of morality. The formation of the Confucian morality has greatly empowered the development of the Confucian studies, which is one of the reasons why Confucianism still has great influences on the Chinese people despite the radical changes of the social ideologies in China.