美国关税法337条款的国内产业要件研究及其应对

美国关税法337条款适用的前提是必须证明美国存在相关的国内产业。1988年对337条款的修改取消了损害和高效且经济运作两个要求。现行的337条款规定了确定国内产业存在的两种标准:重大投资标准和实质性投资标准。重大投资标准要求在美国存在工厂和设备的重大投资或者重大的雇佣劳力或利用资本,实质性投资标准要求在美国存在商品开发的实质性投资,包括设计、研究、开发或者许可。由于实质性投资标准的引入,国内产业的适用标准大大降低,这导致了专利投机公司对337调查的滥用,337条款对公共利益的规定可以防止337调查的滥用。我国应注意国内产业的适用与美国经济形势休戚相关的事实,同时应重视公共利益条款的应用。

On the Domestic Industry Requirement of Section 337 of the United States' Tariff Act

The prerequisite of the application of Section 337 is to prove the existence of domestic industry in US.1988 amendments eliminated the injuryand economically and efficiently operated requirements.The current Section 337 sets two standards to identify the domestic industry: significant investment and substantial investment.The former standard requires that significant investment in plant and equipment or significant employment of labor or capital exist.The latter standard requires that substantial investment...