From foster care to juvenile justice: Exploring characteristics of youth in three cities |
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| Institution: | 1. Rutgers University—Camden, 311 North Fifth Street, Camden, NJ 08102, USA;2. Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago, 1313 East 60th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;3. Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;4. Center for Innovation through Data Intelligence, Health and Human Services, New York, NY, USA;1. Florida State University, United States;2. Michigan State University, United States;3. Yale University, United States;4. Grand Valley State University, United States;1. Department of Social Welfare, University of California, Los Angeles, United States;2. School of Social Work, University of Michigan, United States;1. Binghamton University, United States;2. University of Maryland, Baltimore, United States;1. Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, United States;2. School of Social Work, University of Michigan, United States |
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| Abstract: | Children placed in foster care are at risk for becoming involved with the juvenile justice system. This study documents the rates at which children involved with foster care enter the juvenile justice system (crossover or dually involved), and the factors associated with this risk. We utilize multiple birth cohorts and prospective, longitudinal data from birth to maturity separately in three major American cities. Analyses consider integrated administrative records from multiple birth cohorts representing populations in Cook County (Chicago; N = 26,003), Cuyahoga County (Cleveland; N = 10,284), and New York City (N = 13,065). Crossover rates ranged from 7 to 24%. African American males, and children who experienced congregate care were at highest risk for juvenile justice involvement. Older age at first foster care placement signaled progressively greater risk, as did more foster care spells for those first placed as infants. We discuss findings in terms of developmental theory, and as actionable intelligence to inform prevention, practice, and policy. |
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