食蕨考

蕨作为古代常见的野菜,其食用的历史长达三千多年。古人食蕨始于春秋,到唐代得以推广和发展,至宋元进一步加深,明清时期达到高峰。可见,历史时期人们就十分注重对蕨的开发和利用,它具体表现在:蕨的食用部位转变,烹饪方法的增多,药用价值的探究以及对蕨命名的关注等方面。此外,蕨,作为古代常见的一种救荒疗饥的食品,曾发挥了巨大的救济贫民的作用,但由于人们对其的过度挖掘,对生态环境造成了一定的破坏作用。

A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF THE HISTORY OF PTERIDOPHYTE EATING IN CHINA

Pteridophytes(Pteridium aquilinum) were a group of common edible wild plants in ancient times.The history of pteridophyte eating in China can date as far back as 3000 years ago.Its edible history amounted to for more than 2,000 years.The understanding about its edible value and medical value began in the Spring and Autumn Period.Its exploitation and utilization gradually expanded in various dynasties.Its nomenclature,application,cooking methods changed with the history.These group of plants served as food in famine times and helped the poor survive.However,its overexploitation has been harmful to the ecological environment.